日喀则蛇绿岩研究中的几个问题   总被引：6，自引：4，他引：2  

张旗 《岩石学报》2015,31(1):37-46

日喀则蛇绿岩是中国最著名的蛇绿岩,但是,许多问题存在争论,许多现象没有搞清楚。文中讨论了日喀则蛇绿岩中一些重要的现象以及对目前发现的许多矛盾如何考虑的问题。例如,(1)日喀则蛇绿岩中是否存在席状岩墙群?是否存在席状岩床群?本文认为,席状岩墙群应当是存在的,因为有不对称冷凝边出现。而席状岩床群可能是有问题的,岩床作为侵入体可以出现在许多地方,但是,蛇绿岩中不可能出现席状岩床群,尤其还把它作为蛇绿岩岩石组合的一个单元。笔者认为,所谓的席状岩床群可能是席状岩流群,它不是一个独立的单元,是玄武岩单元下部的成员。(2)日喀则蛇绿岩是否统统是蛇绿岩是一个需要考虑的问题,雅鲁藏布江东西两段出现的岩石组合及其产出背景与日喀则地区的蛇绿岩明显不同,其中有些可能未必是蛇绿岩。(3)自1972年彭罗斯会议以来,蛇绿岩研究发展到现在,可能已经进入了一个关键时期。文中回顾了蛇绿岩的定义及其构造意义,指出1972年彭罗斯会议关于蛇绿岩的定义仍然是适用的。蛇绿岩可以概括为洋壳+地幔,这个洋壳来自板块扩张脊,是年轻的;这个地幔是大洋岩石圈地幔,也可能保留有古老岩石圈地幔的印记。蛇绿岩产于板块扩张脊,这是蛇绿岩构造含义的唯一解,蛇绿岩不存在多解性。(4)日喀则蛇绿岩的许多基本观点主要是法国学者提出来的,如关于岩床群的见解,慢速扩张的见解等。但是,上述见解是否都是对的是需要思考的。日喀则蛇绿岩具有得天独厚的条件,我们应当很好利用这个条件,努力把我们的研究做好,为全球蛇绿岩研究贡献我们的一份力量。  相似文献   

湖南道县虎子岩碱性玄武岩及其基性捕虏体成因和地质意义   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

杨金豹  赵志丹  莫宣学  盛丹  丁聪  王丽丽  侯青叶  李红进 《岩石学报》2015,31(5):1421-1432

本文在湖南道县虎子岩地区采集了碱性玄武岩、橄榄辉长岩和基性麻粒岩捕虏体。碱性玄武岩的斑晶为橄榄石(10%~15%),岩石K2O含量为2.88%~3.51%,Mg#值为80,具有洋岛玄武岩的微量元素特征,岩石具有富集的氧同位素组成(7.8‰~11.0‰),可能是其上升到地表后由碳酸盐岩组分的加入及后期风化蚀变作用造成的,其相对均一且为负的εNd(t)值和靠近EMⅡ地幔端员的特点,指示了该玄武岩是拉张构造环境下富集地幔部分熔融的产物。橄榄辉长岩具有弱富集的LREE(La/Yb)N=2.5~3.0)、弱的Eu正异常(δEu=1.03~1.06),其Sr-Nd同位素组成更靠近EMⅡ地幔端员,87Sr/86Sr比值、εNd(t)值及Nd模式年龄均高于碱性玄武岩,说明橄榄辉长岩是先形成的上述玄武岩浆在未到达地表之前局部发生结晶作用后形成的。基性麻粒岩捕虏体具较强的正Eu异常(δEu=1.42~4.41),其重稀土元素含量出现明显的分组特征,强烈亏损U、Th和Nb、Ta、Zr、Hf、Ti等高场强元素,同时Sr-Nd同位素组成显示其具有壳幔混合的特征。本文结合已有研究结果,探讨了岩浆起源和演化,以及与古太平洋板片俯冲有关的构造环境转换。  相似文献   

Upstairs-downstairs: supercontinents and large igneous provinces,are they related?     

Kent C. Condie  Anne Davaille  Richard C. Aster  Nicholas Arndt 《International Geology Review》2015,57(11-12):1341-1348

There is a correlation of global large igneous province (LIP) events with zircon age peaks at 2700, 2500, 2100, 1900, 1750, 1100, and 600 and also probably at 3450, 3000, 2000, and 300 Ma. Power spectral analyses of LIP event distributions suggest important periodicities at 250, 150, 100, 50, and 25 million years with weaker periodicities at 70–80, 45, and 18–20 Ma. The 25 million year periodicity is important only in the last 300 million years. Some LIP events are associated with granite-forming (zircon-producing) events and others are not, and LIP events at 1900 and 600 Ma correlate with peaks in craton collision frequency. LIP age peaks are associated with supercontinent rifting or breakup, but not dispersal, at 2450–2400, 2200, 1380, 1280, 800–750, and ≤200 Ma, and with supercontinent assembly at 1750 and 600 Ma. LIP peaks at 2700 and 2500 Ma and the valley between these peaks span the time of Neoarchaean supercraton assemblies. These observations are consistent with plume generation in the deep mantle operating independently of the supercontinent cycle and being controlled by lower-mantle and core-mantle boundary thermochemical dynamics. Two processes whereby plumes can impact continental assembly and breakup are (1) plumes may rise beneath supercontinents and initiate supercontinent breakup, and (2) plume ascent may increase the frequency of craton collisions and the rate of crustal growth by accelerating subduction.  相似文献   

2012年夏季楚科奇海浮游动物垂直迁移及上升流对其生物量的影响     

WANG Huiwu  CHEN Hongxi  XUE Liang  LIU N  LIU Yanliang 《海洋学报(英文版)》2015,34(5):68-74

The diel vertical migration(DVM) of zooplankton and the influence of upwelling on zooplankton biomass were examined using water column data of current velocity and mean volume backscattering strength(MVBS)collected by moored acoustic Doppler current profilers(ADCPs) deployed in the southeastern Chukchi Sea during the 5th Chinese National Arctic Research Expedition(CHINARE) in summer 2012, combined with the satellite observational data such as sea surface temperature(SST), wind, and chlorophyll a(Chl a). Hourly acoustic data were continuously collected for 49-d in the mooring site. Spectral analysis indicated that there were different migrating patterns of zooplankton, even though precisely classifying the zooplankton taxa was not available. The prevailing 24-h cycle corresponded to the normal DVM with zooplankton swimming upwards at sunrise and returning to deep waters at sunset. There was a clear DVM in the upper 17 m of the water column during the period with distinct day-night cycles, and no active DVM throughout the water column when the sun above the horizon(polar day), suggesting that light intensity was the trigger for DVM. Also there was a second migrating pattern with 12-h cycle. The upwelling event occurring in the northwest of Alaskan coastal area had important influence on zooplankton biomass at the mooring site. During the upwelling, the SST close to the mooring site dropped significantly from maximal 6.35°C to minimal 1.31°C within five days. Simultaneously, there was a rapid increase in the MVBS and Chl a level, suggesting the aggregation of zooplankton related to upwelling.  相似文献   

南海西北部沉积物捕获器中颗石藻通量和属种组成变化记录     

冉莉华  Luc Beaufort  李宏亮  陈建芳  Martin Wiesner  杨志  张静静  孙军 《海洋学报》2015,37(12):11-18

本文利用沉积物捕获器回收的连续时间序列沉降颗粒物样品,研究了南海西北部海南岸外陆坡外缘海域颗石藻的通量和属种组成变化及其环境意义。研究发现,东亚夏季风引起的海南岸外上升流以及冬季风导致的混合层深度增加都会刺激该区域颗石藻的生长,其中夏季上升流的影响尤为显著。从颗石粒属种组成来看,Florisphaera profunda是南海西北部中深层(1 000m)水体中主要的颗石粒优势种,此外Emiliania huxleyi,Gephyrocapsa oceanica和Gephyrocaps ericsonii等属种含量也颇高。然而在将颗石粒折算成颗石球数量后,Emiliania huxleyi则成为主要优势种。沉积物捕获器中F.profunda的相对百分含量与颗石粒总通量呈显著的负相关,表明F.profunda的相对含量与总的颗石藻生产力有着密切联系。本结果对于利用沉积物中的颗石藻记录,尤其是F.profunda相对含量变化,恢复和重建古海洋环境尤其是古海洋生产力的研究提供了直接的理论证据。  相似文献   

川滇及邻区Pn波速度结构和各向异性研究   总被引：8，自引：5，他引：3       下载免费PDF全文

李飞  周仕勇  苏有锦  李鹏  邓存华  李雷  王兰兰 《地球物理学报》2011,54(1):44-54

川滇地区是中国大陆构造变形及地震活动最强烈的区域之一.本文利用从国际地震中心(ISC)、中国地震台网以及云南、四川、重庆三个省级地震台网的地震观测报告中严格挑选出的53673个Pn波到时数据,用Pn波层析成像方法反演了川滇地区的Pn波速度结构和各向异性.结果表明该地区上地幔顶部速度结构的横向变化与现代构造运动有明显的关...  相似文献   

瑞利数对热对流的影响——在地幔柱中的应用          下载免费PDF全文

王青平  白武明  王洪亮 《地球物理学报》2011,54(6):1566-1574

本文分别在直角坐标系和柱坐标系下,研究瑞利数从104逐渐增大到107对热对流的影响,数值计算结果表明:瑞利数越大,地幔柱越窄,地幔柱上升速度也越快;源自上地幔的地幔柱半径的范围为9到210 km.根据峨眉山内带的半径推算出地幔的黏性系数约为3.8×1021Pa·s,地幔柱平均流动速度为2.5 cm/a.  相似文献   

Is there a hidden near surface salt diapir in the Guelma Basin,north-east of Algeria?     

Djamel Boubaya  Karim Allek  Mohamed Hamoudi   《Journal of Applied Geophysics》2011,73(4):348-356

The diapiric province of north-eastern Algeria and Tunisia extends NE–SW over several hundreds of kilometres. Available, geophysical and geological investigations were focused on the study of known diapiric outcrop. In contrast to the existing work, our study is focused on to identify a new hidden near surface salt diapir in the Guelma Basin, north-east of Algeria.Integrated geophysical study comprising aeromagnetic, gravimetric and DC resistivity data calibrated with existing well information provides new insights into the geometry of the geologic structure of Guelma Basin. Spatial correlation between magnetic low, strong gravity minimum and resistivity high reveal a hidden near surface salt diapir. The Guelma salt diapir is topped by a local topographic high which follows exactly the underlying salt body. Joint gravity-magnetic modelling indicates that salt is deeply rooted and has a dome-like shape. The Guelma salt diapir was triggered by normal faulting and is directly controlled by regional extension.  相似文献   

Receiver function study of the crustal structure of Northeast China:Seismic evidence for a mantle upwelling beneath the eastern flank of the Songliao Basin and the Changbaishan region   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Huafeng Liu  Fenglin Niu 《地震学报(英文版)》2011,(1):27-33

Northeast China is a unique place to study intra-plate volcanism.We analyzed P-wave receiver function data recorded by 111 permanent broadband seismic stations in Northeast China.The results show that the crustal thickness varies from 27.9 km beneath the eastern flank of the Songliao Basin to 40.7 km beneath the Great Xing'an Range region.The large depth variations of the Moho can be largely but not completely explained by surface topography.The residual Moho depth calculated based on the Airy's isostasy mo...  相似文献   

Imaging the mantle transition zone beneath eastern and central China with CEArray receiver functions   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Xinling Wang  Fenglin Niu 《地震学报(英文版)》2011,(1):65-75

We analyzed a total of 37 427 receiver-function data recorded by national and regional broadband seismic networks of the China Earthquake Administration to study the mantle transition zone beneath eastern and central China.Significant topography on both the 410-km and 660-km discontinuities was clearly imaged in the 3D volume of CCP (common-conversion-point) stacked images that cover an area of 102.5 E-122.5 E and 22.0 N-42.0 N.3D crustal and mantle velocity models were used in computing the Ps time moveout...  相似文献